#Teapot Refineries

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A nighttime view of two oil tankers performing a ship-to-ship transfer near Malaysia.

The Shadow Fleet Strategy: How China Sustains Iran Oil Imports Despite Sanctions

China imported 1.38M barrels of Iranian oil daily in 2025, bypassing U.S. sanctions. Discover how 'teapot' refineries and shadow fleets sustain this critical energy link.

Jan 21, 2026