AI狂熱與供應鏈震撼：盤點2025年撼動全球的科技業兩大主軸
回顧2025年全球科技業的關鍵趨勢。本文根據日經亞洲的報導，深入分析川普關稅引發的供應鏈重組，以及對AI投資泡沫的擔憂，並探討半導體、電動車等領域的激烈競爭格局。
一半是火焰，一半是海水。2025年的全球科技業，在AI投資的狂熱與地緣政治引發的供應鏈震撼之間劇烈擺盪。根據日經亞洲的報導，今年一開年，市場就面臨兩大衝擊：一是川普重返白宮，二是中國「DeepSeek」帶來的震撼，一度讓投資者對AI榮景的根基產生質疑。
川普關稅下的供應鏈重組賽局
2025年的核心議題之一，是科技供應鏈如何應對川普的「互惠關稅」。泰國、越南等生產中心面臨懲罰性高關稅的威脅，迫使Apple、Nvidia等巨頭的供應商重新審視其「中國以外」的佈局計畫。一個出人意料的結果是，這股壓力反而刺激了美國本土伺服器供應生態系的發展，儘管「美國製造」的iPhone夢想仍顯遙遠。
AI泡沫破裂的警報是否響起？
另一個貫穿全年的大哉問是：我們是否身處AI投資泡沫之中？泡沫又是否瀕臨破裂？相關討論甚囂塵上。從馬來西亞柔佛州成為AI資料中心的建設熱點，到日本因營建業瓶頸導致新項目延宕，都反映了這股熱潮下的現實挑戰。與此同時，泰國則在印刷電路板這塊雖然較不起眼、但利潤豐厚的領域，抓住了供應鏈轉移與AI熱的雙重機遇。
從晶片到電動車的全面競爭
其他戰場同樣烽火連天。在半導體設備領域，中國的SiCarrier異軍突起，成為挑戰ASML霸主地位的挑戰者。電動車（EV）市場上，比亞迪（BYD）的價格戰掀起波瀾，引發了對中國車市大規模洗牌的預期。此外，三星（Samsung）因客戶不足而推遲美國晶片廠的完工，凸顯了產業背後複雜的供需關係。
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