《哈姆尼特》問世：6部電影，試圖解構莎士比亞的真實面貌
2025年電影《哈姆尼特》將莎士比亞描繪為一位悲傷的父親。本文將從《莎翁情史》到《匿名者》，深入分析6部試圖解構這位文豪神秘面紗的電影作品。
為何一位逝世超過400年的劇作家，至今仍讓我們深深著迷？儘管威廉・莎士比亞（William Shakespeare）留下的真實傳記證據寥寥可數，但試圖解釋他一生的電影卻層出不窮。由趙婷（Chloé Zhao）執導的2025年新作《哈姆尼特》（Hamnet），便提供了一個獨特視角——不再神化他的天才，而是將他描繪成一位被悲傷所塑造的丈夫與父親。
天才光環下的人性探索
長期以來，電影界不僅將莎士比亞視為劇作家，更將他視為一個待解的謎題。改編自瑪姬・歐法瑞（Maggie O'Farrell）暢銷小說的《哈姆尼特》，其焦點並非文學成就，而是喪子之痛如何形塑了他這個人。電影藉此將他從備受敬仰的偶像，還原為一個與我們同樣會承受苦痛的凡人。無獨有偶，由肯尼斯・布萊納（Kenneth Branagh）執導的《都是真的》（All Is True, 2018）也細膩地描繪了莎翁晚年，背負著記憶與喪子之痛返回家鄉的故事，可謂與《哈姆尼特》遙相呼應。
愛情、陰謀與荒誕喜劇
關於莎士比亞的電影，呈現出多元的詮釋角度。經典的《莎翁情史》（Shakespeare in Love, 1998）將《羅密歐與茱麗葉》的創作過程，想像成一場充滿激情的浪漫即興。與此形成鮮明對比的是，羅蘭・艾默瑞奇（Roland Emmerich）執導的《匿名者》（Anonymous, 2011）採納了「牛津派」的觀點，認為莎翁名下的劇本另有其人，將文學史變成一場政治驚悚片，這也反映出某些人對於天才出自平凡階級的深層不安。而在光譜的另一端，喜劇電影《比爾》（Bill, 2015）則以荒誕的手法，描繪莎翁所謂的「失落的歲月」，巧妙地承認了多數關於他的故事，本質上都只是揣測。
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