The Hidden War Between Europe and America Over 'Western Civilization

A French intellectual at a Parisian café posed this question to an American tourist: "When you speak of 'Western civilization,' do we Europeans make the cut?" It sounds like a joke, but behind this quip lies a fierce ideological war being fought across the Atlantic.

Same Words, Different Worlds

With Donald Trump's return to power, 'Western Civilization' discourse is heating up again. But the 'West' that America envisions looks nothing like Europe's version.

The American model emphasizes individual freedom, market capitalism, and Christian values. Europe, meanwhile, places Enlightenment ideals, secularism, and social democratic traditions at the heart of Western civilization. They're using the same label while pursuing fundamentally opposite values.

These differences play out in concrete policy. When America restricts immigration in the name of "defending Western values," Europe uses the same justification to welcome refugees. Who's the real West?

Far-Right Rise and Civilization Narratives

Complicating matters further: far-right movements are surging on both sides of the Atlantic. Marine Le Pen's National Rally, Giorgia Meloni's Brothers of Italy, and Germany's Alternative for Germany (AfD) all claim to champion "Western civilization."

Yet even these movements can't agree on what Western civilization means. French far-right groups emphasize laïcité (secularism) while rejecting Islam. Italian and Polish far-right parties put Christian values front and center. Even extremists can't define their shared civilization.

Particularly telling is these groups' ambivalent relationship with America. European far-right leaders support Trump while rejecting "American-style capitalism." They see cultural kinship but economic rivalry—a complex dynamic that mirrors broader transatlantic tensions.

Asia's View of Western Division

This Western infighting creates opportunities for Asian powers. China particularly benefits, arguing: "If the West can't unite around shared values, why should we accept their moral lectures?"

For countries straddling East and West, like South Korea, the implications are profound. Traditionally seen as successfully blending Western values with Asian traditions, South Korea now faces a choice: which West should it align with?

This dilemma extends beyond foreign policy. South Korean conservatives favor American-style individualism and market economics, while progressives lean toward European social democracy. With Western civilization itself fractured, South Korea's identity requires redefinition.

Economic Interests Behind Ideological Splits

Ideological differences ultimately reflect economic competition. America preaches "free trade" as a Western value while practicing protectionism. Europe champions "fair competition" while targeting American Big Tech with aggressive regulation.

The technology sector exemplifies this divide most clearly. America frames Google, Apple, and Meta's global dominance as "innovation." Europe calls it "digital imperialism" and responds with heavy-handed regulation.

The EU's $30 billion Digital Services Act and America's $370 billion Inflation Reduction Act represent competing visions of Western civilization translated into policy. Same civilization, different rulebooks.

The Stakes Get Higher

This isn't just about abstract values—it's about $25 trillion in combined GDP and global influence. The side that successfully defines "Western civilization" gains legitimacy for its economic model, regulatory approach, and geopolitical strategy.

For global businesses, this creates a compliance nightmare. Tech companies face European privacy rules that conflict with American security demands. Financial firms navigate European sustainability requirements while meeting American profit expectations. The unified Western market is becoming a myth.

Meanwhile, authoritarian regimes exploit these divisions. When Western allies can't agree on basic values, their criticism of human rights abuses rings hollow. Unity was the West's greatest strength—and its fracturing may be its greatest weakness.