俄羅斯「影子船隊」穿越土耳其海峽，安卡拉面臨制裁與外交的雙重考驗
據報導，用於規避制裁的俄羅斯「影子船隊」正通過土耳其控制的博斯普魯斯海峽。作為北約成員國，土耳其在維持與俄羅斯關係和遵守國際制裁之間面臨艱難抉擇。
是東西方的橋樑，還是國際制裁的後門？土耳其正處於一個左右為難的十字路口。根據美國國家公共廣播電台（NPR）於2025年12月25日的報導，一支規避制裁的俄羅斯「影子船隊」（ghost fleet）油輪，正利用由土耳其控制的博斯普魯斯海峽進入黑海，這讓安卡拉當局頭痛不已。
何謂「影子船隊」？
所謂的「影子船隊」，指的是一群船東身份、保險狀況皆不透明的油輪，專門用來規避西方國家對俄羅斯石油的禁運與價格上限等制裁。據悉，這些船隻多半船齡老舊、維護不善，且缺乏足夠的保險，對航行安全與海洋環境構成潛在威脅。NPR的報導指出，這支船隊已成為俄羅斯維持其石油出口命脈的關鍵工具。
土耳其的地緣政治困境
此事件凸顯了土耳其複雜的地緣政治處境。作為北約（NATO）成員國，土耳其有義務與西方盟友站在同一陣線；但另一方面，它與俄羅斯在經濟、能源與外交上又有著千絲萬縷的聯繫。根據《蒙特勒公約》，土耳其難以單方面禁止商船通行海峽。然而，若持續默許影子船隊通行，恐將面臨來自歐美盟友的巨大壓力，被視為破壞制裁的共犯。
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