一秒奪五命：40年後仍是教科書案例的「爆炸性減壓」慘案
1983年，拜福特海豚號鑽井平台發生致命事故。5名潛水員因「爆炸性減壓」瞬間死亡。本文探討這起事件的物理原理，及其對今日工業安全與極端環境作業的深遠警示。
1983年11月5日凌晨4時，北海的弗里格天然氣田。一起機械故障，在不到一秒的時間內，以極端暴力的方式奪走了5名潛水員的生命。這起發生在「拜福特海豚號」（Byford Dolphin）半潛式鑽井平台上的悲劇，因其涉及的物理現象過於駭人，時至今日，仍是潛水安全課程中血淋淋的教材。
事故的根本原因，是一次致命的機械失誤。當時，連接潛水員所在的高壓艙與外部正常大氣環境的裝置過早被打開，導致艙內壓力從9個大氣壓瞬間驟降至1個大氣壓。這種現象被稱為「爆炸性減壓」（Explosive Decompression），巨大的壓力差使潛水員的血液瞬間沸騰，身體從內部被撕裂，瞬間斃命。
這起慘案的調查報告指出，人為疏失與設備設計缺陷是釀成悲劇的主因。它血淋淋地證明，在深海、太空等極端環境中，任何一個微小的錯誤都可能引發連鎖反應，造成無法挽回的後果。此事件成為推動全球離岸作業安全規範改革的關鍵催化劑，其教訓殷鑑不遠。
This content is AI-generated based on source articles. While we strive for accuracy, errors may occur. We recommend verifying with the original source.
Related Articles
Did you know that in Shakespeare's time, 'nice' meant foolish and 'brave' meant well-dressed? Explore 12 common words whose meanings have completely changed over the last 400 years.
Musician Linus Akesson recreated Maurice Ravel's 'Boléro' using a homemade orchestra of 8-bit instruments, including a Commodore 64. See the ambitious chiptune project here.
Discover how doctors and nurses are using creative, humorous, and heartwarming methods to reduce patient anxiety, from therapy dogs to submarine-shaped MRI machines.
32 years after its 1993 release, find out what the voice cast of 'The Nightmare Before Christmas'—including Chris Sarandon, Danny Elfman, and Catherine O'Hara—is up to now.