一篇報導的跨國追捕：馬來西亞在泰國控告澳洲記者，恐掀寒蟬效應
馬來西亞政府在泰國對澳洲記者韓特提起跨國誹謗訴訟。本文深入分析「惡意訴訟」(SLAPP)如何成為跨國鎮壓工具，及其對東南亞言論自由構成的嚴重威脅。
在泰國海灘上寫的旅遊評論，可能讓你鋃鐺入獄。這並非危言聳聽，而是澳洲記者莫瑞・韓特（Murray Hunter）面臨的真實處境。泰國參議院一個委員會已敦促檢方，撤銷由馬來西亞通訊及多媒體委員會（MCMC）約在四個月前發起的跨國誹謗訴訟。這起史無前例的案件，已成為「跨國鎮壓」的最新例證，為東南亞的言論自由敲響警鐘。
何謂「惡意訴訟」與跨國鎮壓？
韓特的案件被視為典型的「SLAPP」（針對公眾參與的策略性訴訟），中文常譯為「惡意訴訟」或「恫嚇訴訟」。其目的在於利用法律程序，耗盡批評者的財力與心力，從而達到噤聲的效果。此案的特殊之處在於其「跨國」性質——由一個國家的政府機構，在第三國對另一國公民提起訴訟，引發公民社會與新聞自由團體的強烈憤慨。
法律專家警告，由於東南亞普遍存在刑事誹謗法及審前羈押制度，任何一篇能被上網讀到的文章，都可能讓作者在文章可被下載的任何國家遭到起訴。韓特對《外交家》雜誌表示：「在聖誕節期間，許多在泰國海灘工作的自由撰稿人，都面臨著潛在的誹謗訴訟威脅。」
案件進展與泰國司法應對
現年67歲的韓特於9月29日在曼谷蘇凡納布機場準備搭機前往香港時遭到逮捕。他在獄中度過一夜後，於9月30日以2萬泰銖（約620美元）交保，並在11月被起訴。一旦罪名成立，他可能面臨最高2年監禁及20萬泰銖罰款。
泰國參議院委員會擔憂，外國勢力可能利用泰國司法系統進行騷擾，浪費有限的司法資源。據報導，委員會正在討論建立防範機制，例如要求原告支付保證金，或設立「反惡意訴訟監察員」辦公室來篩選案件。雙方的第二輪調解會談定於1月12日舉行，若調解失敗，法院聽證會將排定在2月16日。
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