百餘大使職位懸缺：川普下令召回近30名大使，恐為中俄製造良機
川普政府下令召回近30名職業外交官大使，導致美國大使空缺職位破百。民主黨人警告，此舉將製造危險的領導真空，為中國和俄羅斯等對手提供擴張影響力的良機。
美國外交前線正浮現前所未見的權力真空。根據路透社報導，美國總統唐納·川普（Donald Trump）於12月24日下令，召回派駐在歐洲、亞洲、非洲和拉丁美洲等地近30名職業外交官大使。民主黨參議員警告，此舉將造成危險的領導真空，使俄羅斯與中國等競爭對手得以趁虛而入，擴大其全球影響力。
「史無前例」的撤換與地緣政治憂慮
參議院外交關係委員會的10名民主黨議員在致川普的信函中，稱這次大規模召回是「史無前例的舉動」。他們在信中指出，此次撤換將使美國懸缺的大使職位超過100個，約佔全球總數的一半。信中寫道：「在超過百個美國大使館缺乏高層領導之際，中國、俄羅斯和其他國家將與我們實質上拋棄的外國領袖保持正常溝通，讓我們的對手擴大其觸角和影響力，從而損害美國利益。」
對此，國務院發言人並未直接回應信件內容，而是反控民主黨人阻撓總統的大使提名。不過，掌控參議院的共和黨已於今年9月修改議事規則，以加快川普提名人選的任命流程。
「美國優先」背後的忠誠度考量
政治任命的大使在政府換屆時離任是慣例，但職業外交官通常被視為跨黨派，任期3至4年，不受政府更迭影響。然而，川普長期以來對官僚體系抱持懷疑態度，並一再誓言要清除他認為不忠的「深層政府」（deep state），安插效忠者擔任要職。
此舉被視為是為了確保忠實執行其「美國優先」的外交政策。今年7月，川普政府已解雇了超過1,300名國務院外交官與公務員。若計入延後辭職和提前退休的人數，總計減少了約3,000人，佔其外交與文官總數的11%以上。
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