為何無法回到過去？中國科學家提出量子新解，挑戰百年物理學難題「時間之箭」
時間為何只能前進？中國海南大學科學家從量子關聯性提出「時間之箭」的全新解釋，挑戰波茲曼的熵增定律。這項研究或將改寫我們對時間本質的理解。
為何時間只會向前流逝，我們永遠無法讓雞蛋破鏡重圓？針對這個物理學的百年難題，中國研究團隊提出了一套簡潔而有力的全新理論。位於海南的海南大學物理學家蔡慶宇及其團隊，從量子層面解釋了為何回到過去終究是天方夜譚。
時間之箭：源於量子內部的關聯
根據本月發表於同行審查期刊《物理學年鑑》（Annals of Physics）的研究，該團隊指出，他們的理論框架無需依賴觀測、測量或任何外部干擾。研究報告稱，時間的單向性（即「時間之箭」）可以從量子部分如何相互關聯的過程中自然浮現，這個過程本身就內建於微觀物理的結構之中。這解釋了儘管物理定律本身允許時間倒流，但在現實中卻不可能發生。
挑戰19世紀的「熵增定律」
過去，解釋時間單向性的主流理論源自1800年代末期，由奧地利物理學家路德維希·波茲曼（Ludwig Boltzmann）提出的「熵」概念。該理論認為，孤立系統會自發地從有序走向無序，而這個過程是不可逆的。然而，蔡慶宇團隊的理論與之不同，其核心在於它並不需要熵或外部觀察者來驅動時間的前進，而是將其視為量子系統的內在屬性。
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