福島核災14年後，全球最大核電廠「柏崎刈羽」獲准重啟
福島核災14年後，東京電力公司營運的柏崎刈羽核電廠6號機獲地方政府同意，即將重啟。此舉為日本能源政策與東電財務重建的關鍵一步，本文深入分析其背後脈絡與影響。
日本的能源政策，在福島核災屆滿14年之際迎來了重大轉捩點。東京電力公司（東電）於12月23日宣布，已獲得新潟縣知事的正式同意，將重啟全球發電量最大的柏崎刈羽核電廠6號機。此舉不僅是東電自事故以來首次重啟核電廠，也對其公司重建與日本的能源安全帶來深遠影響。
漫長且艱辛的重啟之路
自2011年福島第一核電廠事故後，柏崎刈羽核電廠的所有反應爐便一直處於停機狀態。重啟計畫除了必須通過原子能規制委員會的嚴格安全審查，地方政府的同意更是關鍵一環。據報導，新潟縣知事在12月23日下午向東電正式傳達同意決定，象徵著歷經多年的安全強化工程與地方溝通後，終於跨過了最後一道地方門檻。
對能源政策與經濟的雙重影響
此次重啟對東電的財務狀況舉足輕重。該公司因福島核災的鉅額賠償與除役費用而背負沉重壓力，恢復高收益的核能發電被視為其重建計畫的核心支柱。對日本政府而言，重啟核電有助於提高能源自給率、降低對進口化石燃料的依賴，並推進其碳中和目標。然而，當地居民對安全的疑慮，以及核廢料最終處置場等問題，依然是橫亙在前方的巨大挑戰。
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